The reason why dogs have a paw pad on their legs is to provide the dog with shock absorption as well as traction and also provide the dog with protection when walking, jumping, running etc.
The paw pads on the dogs legs are made of thick and durable skin and fatty tissue, which cushions the joints and bones of the dog and protects the dogs feet from any rough surfaces.
The dogs carpal pads, which are located on the dogs front legs, provide the dog with extra grip for sudden stops and also for navigating of steep terrain.
Dogs also sweat through the pads on their legs, which also help cool the dog down.
The main function of the paw pads on the dogs leg are for braking and balance, temperature regulation, traction, protection and shock absorption.
The carpal pads located on the dogs front legs will act like an emergency brake, and help the dog stop suddenly and to help the dog to maintain balance on slippery or steep surfaces.
The paw pads are also one of the few places in which the dog has sweat glands, which helps the dog to cool down, especially on hot days.
The rough surface of the paw pads also provide the dog with grip, which helps the dog move, run and stop without slipping.
And the paw pads also shield the dogs paws from sharp objects, hot surface or other terrain that can be harsh.
And the fatty tissue in the dogs paw pads including on their legs cushion any impact and protect the dogs bones and joints from any stress of movement.